******************************************************************************* JPL/HORIZONS 3 Juno (A804 RA) 2022-Nov-01 19:02:56 Rec #: 3 (+COV) Soln.date: 2022-Sep-22_23:58:08 # obs: 7395 (1804-2022) IAU76/J2000 helio. ecliptic osc. elements (au, days, deg., period=Julian yrs): EPOCH= 2449899.5 ! 1995-Jul-01.00 (TDB) Residual RMS= .34242 EC= .2571000839270248 QR= 1.984487214734759 TP= 2450481.1859510206 OM= 170.252334771285 W= 247.6845603188422 IN= 12.95866749421077 A= 2.671271286750048 MA= 228.6846018803012 ADIST= 3.358055358765336 PER= 4.36601 N= .225749647 ANGMOM= .027170055 DAN= 2.76458 DDN= 2.27282 L= 57.4129166 B= -11.9731672 MOID= 1.03418005 TP= 1997-Feb-01.6859510206 Asteroid physical parameters (km, seconds, rotational period in hours): GM= n.a. RAD= 123.298 ROTPER= 7.21 H= 5.13 G= .320 B-V= .824 ALBEDO= .214 STYP= Sk ASTEROID comments: 1: soln ref.= JPL#128, OCC=0 2: source=ORB ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Ephemeris / WWW_USER Tue Nov 1 19:02:56 2022 Pasadena, USA / Horizons ******************************************************************************* Target body name: 3 Juno (A804 RA) {source: JPL#128} Center body name: Earth (399) {source: DE441} Center-site name: (user defined site below) ******************************************************************************* Start time : A.D. 2022-Nov-01 00:00:00.0000 UT Stop time : A.D. 2022-Nov-02 08:00:00.0000 UT Step-size : 60 minutes ******************************************************************************* Target pole/equ : No model available Target radii : 123.3 km Center geodetic : 278.487800,41.0833000,0.0000000 {E-lon(deg),Lat(deg),Alt(km)} Center cylindric: 278.487800,4814.51683,4169.4005 {E-lon(deg),Dxy(km),Dz(km)} Center pole/equ : ITRF93 {East-longitude positive} Center radii : 6378.1 x 6378.1 x 6356.8 km {Equator, meridian, pole} Target primary : Sun (R_eq= 696000.000) km Vis. interferer : MOON (R_eq= 1737.400) km {source: DE441} Rel. light bend : Sun {source: DE441} Rel. lght bnd GM: 1.3271E+11 km^3/s^2 Small-body perts: Yes {source: SB441-N16} Atmos refraction: NO (AIRLESS) RA format : HMS Time format : CAL EOP file : eop.221101.p230124 EOP coverage : DATA-BASED 1962-JAN-20 TO 2022-NOV-01. PREDICTS-> 2023-JAN-23 Units conversion: 1 au= 149597870.700 km, c= 299792.458 km/s, 1 day= 86400.0 s Table cut-offs 1: Elevation (-90.0deg=NO ),Airmass (>38.000=NO), Daylight (NO ) Table cut-offs 2: Solar elongation ( 0.0,180.0=NO ),Local Hour Angle( 0.0=NO ) Table cut-offs 3: RA/DEC angular rate ( 0.0=NO ) ******************************************************************************* Initial IAU76/J2000 heliocentric ecliptic osculating elements (au, days, deg.): EPOCH= 2449899.5 ! 1995-Jul-01.00 (TDB) Residual RMS= .34242 EC= .2571000839270248 QR= 1.984487214734759 TP= 2450481.1859510206 OM= 170.252334771285 W= 247.6845603188422 IN= 12.95866749421077 Equivalent ICRF heliocentric cartesian coordinates (au, au/d): X=-6.056235300940349E-02 Y=-3.146967655060653E+00 Z=-5.900957828228113E-01 VX= 8.503739591038194E-03 VY= 1.308070023540117E-03 VZ=-8.251974783207825E-05 Asteroid physical parameters (km, seconds, rotational period in hours): GM= n.a. RAD= 123.298 ROTPER= 7.21 H= 5.13 G= .320 B-V= .824 ALBEDO= .214 STYP= Sk ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Date__(UT)__HR:MN R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC APmag S-brt delta deldot S-O-T /r S-T-O Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG Lun_Sky_Brt sky_SNR ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** $$SOE 2022-Nov-01 00:00 m 22 43 02.08 -12 06 25.7 8.619 5.063 1.51804054404781 14.2710290 119.3864 /T 23.3306 0.2518332 118.06213 72.057731 1.168 4.335 2022-Nov-01 01:00 m 22 43 02.98 -12 06 32.8 8.620 5.063 1.51838509794263 14.3646865 119.3474 /T 23.3411 0.2506925 117.82672 72.239194 1.149 4.406 2022-Nov-01 02:00 m 22 43 03.89 -12 06 39.8 8.621 5.063 1.51873195367155 14.4613049 119.3082 /T 23.3516 0.2506927 117.44472 72.346674 1.103 4.589 2022-Nov-01 03:00 m 22 43 04.80 -12 06 46.7 8.621 5.063 1.51908110843656 14.5547311 119.2689 /T 23.3620 0.2518763 116.93606 72.371489 1.014 4.994 2022-Nov-01 04:00 22 43 05.73 -12 06 53.5 8.622 5.063 1.51943241314103 14.6390298 119.2296 /T 23.3725 0.2542063 116.33264 72.310809 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 05:00 22 43 06.67 -12 07 00.2 8.623 5.063 1.51978558258591 14.7088901 119.1904 /T 23.3828 0.2575656 115.67412 72.167668 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 06:00 22 43 07.63 -12 07 06.9 8.623 5.063 1.52014021498800 14.7599897 119.1511 /T 23.3931 0.2617628 115.00285 71.950574 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 07:00 22 43 08.61 -12 07 13.5 8.624 5.064 1.52049581948230 14.7892903 119.1120 /T 23.4033 0.2665437 114.35896 71.672778 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 08:00 22 43 09.61 -12 07 20.1 8.625 5.064 1.52085184972355 14.7952457 119.0730 /T 23.4134 0.2716094 113.77669 71.351288 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 09:00 22 43 10.64 -12 07 26.7 8.625 5.064 1.52120774128467 14.7779081 119.0342 /T 23.4235 0.2766380 113.28221 71.005720 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 10:00 22 43 11.69 -12 07 33.3 8.626 5.064 1.52156295029046 14.7389235 118.9955 /T 23.4334 0.2813094 112.89305 70.657084 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 11:00 N 22 43 12.76 -12 07 39.9 8.627 5.064 1.52191699064073 14.6814196 118.9570 /T 23.4433 0.2853286 112.61851 70.326542 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 12:00 * 22 43 13.85 -12 07 46.5 8.627 5.064 1.52226946727466 14.6097914 118.9187 /T 23.4531 0.2884484 112.46068 70.034193 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 13:00 * 22 43 14.94 -12 07 53.1 8.628 5.064 1.52262010319931 14.5293997 118.8805 /T 23.4629 0.2904862 112.41555 69.797894 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 14:00 * 22 43 16.04 -12 07 59.8 8.629 5.064 1.52296875843314 14.4462047 118.8425 /T 23.4726 0.2913372 112.47402 69.632134 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 15:00 * 22 43 17.14 -12 08 06.5 8.629 5.064 1.52331543956794 14.3663575 118.8046 /T 23.4824 0.2909805 112.62257 69.547018 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 16:00 * 22 43 18.24 -12 08 13.2 8.630 5.065 1.52366029929581 14.2957792 118.7667 /T 23.4921 0.2894796 112.84369 69.547399 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 17:00 * 22 43 19.32 -12 08 20.0 8.630 5.065 1.52400362593321 14.2397553 118.7288 /T 23.5020 0.2869762 113.11619 69.632294 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 18:00 * 22 43 20.39 -12 08 26.8 8.631 5.065 1.52434582365955 14.2025738 118.6909 /T 23.5118 0.2836798 113.41540 69.794662 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 19:00 * 22 43 21.45 -12 08 33.6 8.632 5.065 1.52468738482227 14.1872320 118.6530 /T 23.5217 0.2798518 113.71371 70.021672 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 20:00 *m 22 43 22.49 -12 08 40.3 8.632 5.065 1.52502885620415 14.1952305 118.6149 /T 23.5317 0.2757875 113.98153 70.295496 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 21:00 *m 22 43 23.51 -12 08 47.0 8.633 5.065 1.52537080156203 14.2264713 118.5767 /T 23.5418 0.2717961 114.18894 70.594612 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 22:00 *m 22 43 24.52 -12 08 53.7 8.634 5.065 1.52571376300168 14.2792634 118.5384 /T 23.5519 0.2681812 114.30804 70.895498 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-01 23:00 Nm 22 43 25.51 -12 09 00.3 8.634 5.065 1.52605822383356 14.3504394 118.4999 /T 23.5620 0.2652210 114.31593 71.174533 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-02 00:00 m 22 43 26.50 -12 09 06.8 8.635 5.066 1.52640457545453 14.4355722 118.4613 /T 23.5722 0.2631516 114.19790 71.409878 1.894 2.675 2022-Nov-02 01:00 m 22 43 27.48 -12 09 13.2 8.636 5.066 1.52675309052369 14.5292777 118.4225 /T 23.5824 0.2621518 113.95006 71.583149 1.902 2.663 2022-Nov-02 02:00 m 22 43 28.46 -12 09 19.6 8.636 5.066 1.52710390427052 14.6255841 118.3837 /T 23.5926 0.2623309 113.58073 71.680718 1.895 2.673 2022-Nov-02 03:00 m 22 43 29.45 -12 09 25.9 8.637 5.066 1.52745700521642 14.7183411 118.3448 /T 23.6027 0.2637199 113.10998 71.694560 1.860 2.724 2022-Nov-02 04:00 m 22 43 30.44 -12 09 32.0 8.638 5.066 1.52781223594505 14.8016403 118.3058 /T 23.6128 0.2662677 112.56731 71.622621 1.771 2.860 2022-Nov-02 05:00 m 22 43 31.46 -12 09 38.2 8.638 5.066 1.52816930386875 14.8702209 118.2669 /T 23.6229 0.2698419 111.98778 71.468730 1.684 3.008 2022-Nov-02 06:00 22 43 32.49 -12 09 44.2 8.639 5.066 1.52852780125258 14.9198292 118.2280 /T 23.6328 0.2742364 111.40764 71.242099 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-02 07:00 22 43 33.55 -12 09 50.2 8.640 5.066 1.52888723312371 14.9475106 118.1892 /T 23.6427 0.2791846 110.86034 70.956521 n.a. n.a. 2022-Nov-02 08:00 22 43 34.63 -12 09 56.2 8.640 5.066 1.52924705115346 14.9518110 118.1505 /T 23.6525 0.2843788 110.37364 70.629337 n.a. n.a. $$EOE ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** Column meaning: TIME Times PRIOR to 1962 are UT1, a mean-solar time closely related to the prior but now-deprecated GMT. Times AFTER 1962 are in UTC, the current civil or "wall-clock" time-scale. UTC is kept within 0.9 seconds of UT1 using integer leap-seconds for 1972 and later years. Conversion from the internal Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) of solar system dynamics to the non-uniform civil UT time-scale requested for output has not been determined for UTC times after the next July or January 1st. Therefore, the last known leap-second is used as a constant over future intervals. Time tags refer to the UT time-scale conversion from TDB on Earth regardless of observer location within the solar system, although clock rates may differ due to the local gravity field and no analog to "UT" may be defined for that location. Any 'b' symbol in the 1st-column denotes a B.C. date. First-column blank (" ") denotes an A.D. date. Calendar dates prior to 1582-Oct-15 are in the Julian calendar system. Later calendar dates are in the Gregorian system. NOTE: "n.a." in output means quantity "not available" at the print-time. SOLAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) Time tag is followed by a blank, then a solar-presence symbol: '*' Daylight (refracted solar upper-limb on or above apparent horizon) 'C' Civil twilight/dawn 'N' Nautical twilight/dawn 'A' Astronomical twilight/dawn ' ' Night OR geocentric ephemeris LUNAR PRESENCE (OBSERVING SITE) The solar-presence symbol is immediately followed by a lunar-presence symbol: 'm' Refracted upper-limb of Moon on or above apparent horizon ' ' Refracted upper-limb of Moon below apparent horizon OR geocentric ephemeris 'R.A._____(ICRF)_____DEC' = Astrometric right ascension and declination of the target center with respect to the observing site (coordinate origin) in the reference frame of the planetary ephemeris (ICRF). Compensated for down-leg light-time delay aberration. Units: RA in hours-minutes-seconds of time, HH MM SS.ff{ffff} DEC in degrees-minutes-seconds of arc, sDD MN SC.f{ffff} 'APmag S-brt' = The asteroids' approximate apparent airless visual magnitude and surface brightness using the standard IAU H-G system magnitude model: APmag = H + 5*log10(delta) + 5*log10(r) - 2.5*log10((1-G)*phi_1 + G*phi_2) For solar phase angles >90 deg, the error could exceed 1 magnitude. For phase angles >120 degrees, output values are rounded to the nearest integer to indicate error could be large and unknown. For Earth-based observers, the estimated dimming due to atmospheric absorption (extinction) is available as a separate, requestable quantity. Surface brightness is the average airless visual magnitude of a square-arcsecond of the illuminated portion of the apparent disk. It is computed only if the target radius is known. Units: MAGNITUDES & MAGNITUDES PER SQUARE ARCSECOND 'delta deldot' = Apparent range ("delta", light-time aberrated) and range-rate ("delta-dot") of the target center relative to the observer. A positive "deldot" means the target center is moving away from the observer, negative indicates movement toward the observer. Units: AU and KM/S 'S-O-T /r' = Sun-Observer-Target apparent SOLAR ELONGATION ANGLE seen from the observers' location at print-time. The '/r' column provides a code indicating the targets' apparent position relative to the Sun in the observers' sky, as described below: Case A: For an observing location on the surface of a rotating body, that body rotational sense is considered: /T indicates target TRAILS Sun (evening sky: rises and sets AFTER Sun) /L indicates target LEADS Sun (morning sky: rises and sets BEFORE Sun) Case B: For an observing point that does not have a rotational model (such as a spacecraft), the "leading" and "trailing" condition is defined by the observers' heliocentric ORBITAL motion: * If continuing in the observers' current direction of heliocentric motion would encounter the targets' apparent longitude first, followed by the Sun's, the target LEADS the Sun as seen by the observer. * If the Sun's apparent longitude would be encountered first, followed by the targets', the target TRAILS the Sun. Two other codes can be output: /* indicates observer is Sun-centered (undefined) /? Target is aligned with Sun center (no lead or trail) The S-O-T solar elongation angle is numerically the minimum separation angle of the Sun and target in the sky in any direction. It does NOT indicate the amount of separation in the leading or trailing directions, which would be defined along the equator of a spherical coordinate system. Units: DEGREES 'S-T-O' = The Sun-Target-Observer angle; the interior vertex angle at target center formed by a vector from the target to the apparent center of the Sun (at reflection time on the target) and the apparent vector from target to the observer at print-time. Slightly different from true PHASE ANGLE (requestable separately) at the few arcsecond level in that it includes stellar aberration on the down-leg from target to observer. Units: DEGREES 'Sky_motion Sky_mot_PA RelVel-ANG' = Total apparent angular rate of the target in the plane-of-sky. "Sky_mot_PA" is the position angle of the target's direction of motion in the plane-of-sky, measured counter-clockwise from the apparent of-date north pole direction. "RelVel-ANG" is the flight path angle of the target's relative motion with respect to the observer's line-of-sight, in the range [-90,+90], where positive values indicate motion away from the observer, negative values are toward the observer: -90 = target is moving directly toward the observer 0 = target is moving at right angles to the observer's line-of-sight +90 = target is moving directly away from the observer UNITS: ARCSECONDS/MINUTE, DEGREES, DEGREES 'Lun_Sky_Brt sky_SNR' = Sky brightness due to moonlight scattered by Earth's atmosphere at the target's position in the sky. "sky_SNR" is the visual signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the target's surface brightness relative to background sky. Output only for topocentric Earth observers when both the Moon and target are above the local horizon and the Sun is in astronomical twilight (or further) below the horizon, and the target is not the Moon or Sun. If all conditions are not met, "n.a." is output. Galactic brightness, local sky light-pollution and weather are NOT considered. Lunar opposition surge is considered. The value returned is accurate under ideal conditions at the approximately 8-23% level, so is a useful but not definitive value. If the target-body radius is also known, "sky_SNR" is output. This is the approximate visual signal-to-noise ratio of the target's brightness divided by lunar sky brightness. When sky_SNR < 1, the target is dimmer than the ideal moonlight-scattering background sky, so unlikely to be detectable at visual wavelengths. In practice, visibility requires sky_SNR > 1 and a detector sensitive enough to reach the target's magnitude, even if it isn't washed out by moonlight. When relating magnitudes and brightness values, keep in mind their logarithmic relationship m2-m1 = -2.5*log_10(b2/b1). UNITS: VISUAL MAGNITUDES / ARCSECOND^2, and unitless ratio Computations by ... Solar System Dynamics Group, Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena, CA 91109 USA General site: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ Mailing list: https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/email_list.html System news : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/news.html User Guide : https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/manual.html Connect : browser https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons/app.html#/x API https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html command-line telnet ssd.jpl.nasa.gov 6775 e-mail/batch https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/hrzn_batch.txt scripts https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ftp/ssd/SCRIPTS Author : Jon.D.Giorgini@jpl.nasa.gov ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************